№82-23
Synthesis of potassium humate as an eco-friendly method for coal-preparation waste utilization
R. Dychkovskyi1, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3143-8940
I. Miroshnykov1, https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6451-3969
A. Pererva2 https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0542-595X
1Dnipro University of Technology,Dnipro, Ukraine
2PJSC "Lviv Coal Company", Silets, Ukraine
Coll.res.pap.nat.min.univ. 2025, 82:274-287
Full text (PDF)
https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/82.274
ABSTRACT
Purpose. Development and justification of an integrated multiphysical methodology for evaluating the thermal conductivity and thermo-mechanical stability of porous thermal insulation materials, combining experimental measurements, numerical modeling, and analysis of structural and physical parameters to determine their suitability for use in energy-efficient designs of technical and civil structures.
Methods. Involves a comprehensive sequential preparation and segregation of the waste (determination of moisture content, ash content, and organic matter), conducting alkaline extraction using potassium hydroxide under controlled temperature and reaction time conditions, purification and concentration of the humate solution, as well as structural and functional analysis of the resulting product using FTIR spectroscopy, pH measurement, cation-exchange capacity determination, and elemental composition analysis. Additionally, mass balance evaluation and an assessment of the technological and environmental efficiency of the process were performed.
Results. The study demonstrated that coal beneficiation waste contains a significant proportion of humic substances suitable for alkaline extraction. Optimal process conditions were determined, ensuring a high yield of potassium humate with a stable structure and characteristic functional groups of humic polymers. The obtained product exhibits high solubility, enhanced cation-exchange capacity, and good stability. Moreover, the proposed process significantly reduces the mass of waste requiring disposal, providing an environmentally safe pathway for utilization.
Originality. Lies in establishing the relationships between root system mass development, aboveground biomass height, and a generalized integral coefficient reflecting the stimulating effect of potassium humate extracted from coal beneficiation waste on plant growth. The study developed an effective and environmentally safe method for synthesizing potassium humate from technogenic waste and determined optimal alkaline extraction conditions to achieve maximum humate yield while preserving the structural integrity of functional groups.
Practical implication. Сonsists in developing a new method for extracting humate from coal enrichment waste, proposed technology can be implemented at beneficiation plants, enabling the conversion of low-value technogenic waste into a commercially valuable product for agronomy, soil reclamation, and ecological technologies. Technological solutions reduce waste management costs, lower environmental risks, and support circular economic principles within the coal industry.
Keywords: potassium humate, coal beneficiation waste, alkaline extraction, humic substances, waste utilization, environmentally friendly synthesis, resource efficiency.
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