№82-10

Application of differential characteristics in the analysis of vertical electrical sounding data

V. Logvin¹,         https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9972-7036

P. Pigulevskiy^1,2,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6163-4486

S. Yaremiі¹         https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6235-0370

¹ Dnipro University of Technology, Dnipro, Ukraine

² S.I. Subbotin institute of geophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

Coll.res.pap.nat.min.univ. 2025, 82:120-128

Full text (PDF)

https://doi.org/10.33271/crpnmu/82.120

ABSTRACT

Purpose. Improvement of the analysis of the geological structure and hydrogeological condition of the southern Kryvbas region through the application of differential characteristics and equivalent depths in the interpretation of geoelectric sections.

Methodology. Unlike the traditional AB/2 scale, a logarithmically transformed equivalent depth ℎeq is proposed for constructing sections, which provides a more uniform representation of the depth section. Additionally, the derivative characteristics of apparent resistance curves – the total gradient Grad(ρп) and curvature C(ρп) – calculated using finite difference methods were applied. Their use allows for increased accuracy in localising layer boundaries, fracture zones and geostructural disturbances, as well as identifying areas with altered filtration and storage properties of rocks.

Results. The construction of sections on the ℎeq scale significantly improved the visualisation of stratigraphic horizons, especially in the upper part of the section, where classical methods have limitations. Spatial analysis of the data obtained showed a regular coincidence of zones of high groundwater mineralisation with the system of tectonic disturbances, in particular within the extension between the Western and Tarapakov faults. This confirms the connection between hydrogeological processes and active neotectonic structures.

Scientific novelty. For the first time in the region, the equivalent depth ℎeq has been used as a depth scale for constructing VES sections. Also, for the first time, an analogue of the gradient and curvature of apparent resistance has been used as a quick indicator of structural boundaries and zones of increased permeability. The proposed approach provides a more detailed identification of geological bodies compared to classical interpretation methods.

Practical significance. The methodology is applied in nature and can be used for engineering-geological and hydrogeological studies in technologically loaded areas. It allows for the rapid and time-efficient detection of flooding zones, tectonic disturbances, and areas with increased groundwater mineralisation, which is extremely relevant for the Kryvbas region. The implementation of this approach contributes to increasing the reliability of results and reducing risks when making economic and environmental decisions.

Keywords: Ukrainian Shield, fracture zone, groundwater, electrical prospecting, processing and interpretation, differential field characteristics.

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