№83-25

Disadvantages’s evaluation of drilling and blasting works in various rock

A. Lapchenko¹https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4037-5395

¹National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine

Coll.res.pap.nat.min.univ. 2025, 83:280–287

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ABSTRACT

Purpose. To assess the parameters of defects that arise in the surrounding contour massif of the tunnel excavation during drilling and blasting operations in various soils and rock masses based on practical experience and real tunnel construction sites.

Methodology. The comprehensive research methodology was applied based on production data to assess the impact of drilling and blasting operations in various soils and rock masses on the tunnel contour, which includes the method of scientific generalization and analysis, as well as expert assessment of research objects.The comprehensive methodology was carried out on the basis of domestic and international tunnel construction projects, including metro construction.

Results. According to the results of the above studies, the roughness and cracking after blastingshowed a tendency to decrease as the charging scheme was optimized. The zone of greatest roughness was observed in the arched part of the working.Research data on concrete consumption depending on the roughness of the surface of the excavation contour are presented. Based on these dependencies, concrete consumption depending on the roughness of the surface of the excavation contour can be estimated. Research data on concrete consumption depending on the roughness of the tunnel contour's surface are presented. Based on these dependencies, concrete consumption depending on the roughness of the surface of the tunnel contour can be estimated. Based on these dependencies, the concrete consumption can be estimated depending on the surface roughness of the tunnel contour. Based on the conducted research, it was concluded that it is possible to achieve high quality blasting work only on the basis of comprehensive integration: geological data, design scheme, charging technology, monitoring and corrective measures.

The originality. The dependences of the rock massif’s fracturing, the maximum roughness around the contour massif, and the additional concrete consumption after the blasting on the existing fracturing of the rock massif before the blasting, depending on the type of soil or rock, have been established. For different types of soils and rocks, generalized curves of the dependence’s the rock massif fracturing, the maximum roughness around the contour massif, and the additional concrete consumption on the existing fracturing of the rock massif before the blasting were constructed, which can be used as an express method.

Practical implementation. Based on the obtained patterns, it is possible to monitor technological discipline during drilling and blasting operations and promptly change the parameters of drilling and blasting operations to achieve the desired parameter's specific value under consideration.

Keywords: drilling and blasting, concrete consumption, rock massif, contour mining, fracturing, tunnel, roughness.

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date of first submission of the article to the publication – 10/03/2025
date of acceptance of the article for publication after review – 11/07/2025
date of publication – 12/29/2025